
In this clinical practice update (CPU) we aim to provide responses to fundamental questions that face healthcare providers regarding heart failure (HF) phenotypes. This includes appropriate timing for the introduction and optimization of different classes of medication according to specific patient phenotypes, when second-line therapies and valvular interventions should be considered, and management of difficult clinical scenarios such as cardiorenal syndrome and frailty.
Specific common HF phenotypes call for a personalized approach to improve adoption of the HF guidelines into clinical practice.
This CPU covers recommendations for five different phenotypes: the wet HF phenotype, the de novo HF phenotype, the worsening HF phenotype, the cardiorenal phenotypes, and the frail HF phenotype. HF is a complex clinical syndrome with multiple phenotypic patient presentations. Identifying these HF phenotypes is critically important to tailoring the right therapies to patients, improving their presenting symptoms, other associated morbidities, and quality of life.

On behalf of the CCS, we recognize and thank co-chairs Dr. Anique Ducharme and Dr. Shelley Zieroth for their leadership, and the full HF Phenotype CPU panel for their contribution and commitment to bringing you these important recommendations.
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